New Delhi: World Hypertension Day, celebrated annually on May 17 since 2005, raises global awareness about high blood pressure. Hypertension and diabetes are emerging as a serious health concern among Indian adults, with doctors warning that the coexistence of both conditions can significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke and kidney damage. According to the World Health Organisation, nearly 30 per cent of Indian adults are affected by high blood pressure, while around 10 per cent live with diabetes.

Experts say the combination silently damages blood vessels and vital organs over time, often without noticeable symptoms in the early stages. Dr Sunil Christopher, Consultant, Interventional Cardiology at SPARSH Hospital, explained that many people remain unaware of the condition until complications develop. He stressed that routine screening, lifestyle modifications and timely treatment are essential to reduce long-term health risks. Doctors also emphasise the importance of managing stress, maintaining a healthy weight and staying physically active to improve overall cardiovascular health outcomes.

Hypertension and diabetes risks

Why is this combination dangerous

Dr Sunil Christopher said hypertension and diabetes together place excessive stress on the body’s vascular system. “High blood pressure damages blood vessels and forces the heart to work harder, while diabetes affects the body’s ability to regulate blood sugar, causing additional stress to the vascular system,” he explained.

The doctor added that when both conditions coexist, they accelerate arterial stiffness, plaque formation and kidney damage, increasing the chances of severe cardiovascular complications at an earlier age.

Higher risk of heart attack and stroke

According to Dr Christopher, adults living with both hypertension and diabetes face a much higher risk of cardiovascular events. Studies suggest the risk of heart attack and stroke may rise by two to three times compared to individuals living with only one of the conditions.

The expert noted that prolonged uncontrolled blood pressure and blood sugar levels can silently damage the heart, kidneys and blood vessels over time.

Symptoms often go unnoticed

One of the biggest concerns, doctors say, is that both conditions can remain undetected for years. Early symptoms are usually mild and are frequently ignored.

“Common warning signs such as fatigue, mild headaches or blurred vision are often dismissed, delaying timely diagnosis and management,” said Dr Christopher.

Importance of early detection

The cardiologist highlighted that regular monitoring plays a key role in preventing serious complications. Routine blood pressure and blood sugar tests can help identify risks before permanent organ damage develops.

Doctors also recommend a balanced diet, regular exercise, stress management and weight control as important preventive measures. For patients already diagnosed, timely medication and regular follow-ups remain crucial.

Hypertension and diabetes may develop silently, but experts warn that ignoring them can lead to long-term damage.